Who links to me, Who do I link to? Who cares?

Here is something to think about: How are webpages connected? For a given page how many and what kind of pages have a link to the given page, and how many links to other pages does the given page have? A given page is a node that has input links and output links. What if for a given page you only new those input and output links? What could you infer about the given page? Is there a Google search command that will give you a list of the input, or output, links?